2020年10月18日 星期日

試譯:〈海隅逐客〉(部分)【An Outcast of the Islands-Joseph Conrad】  江離

試譯:〈海隅逐客〉(部分)-約瑟夫·康拉德  江離

Chapter I

When he stepped off the straight and narrow path of his peculiar honesty, it was with an inward assertion of unflinching resolve to fall back again into the monotonous but safe stride of virtue as soon as his little excursion into the wayside quagmires had produced the desired effect. 

當他踏上那條狹直的、種有他那特別的銀扇草的小徑時,他內心早已打定主意,一旦他那往路邊泥塘的小小意外之行已產生了預期效果,他便要回復到先前那單調但安全的得體步履中。


It was going to be a short episode—a sentence in brackets, so to speak—in the flowing tale of his life: a thing of no moment, to be done unwillingly, yet neatly, and to be quickly forgotten. 

那將只會是一段短短的插曲–換句話,像一個括號內的句子–在他流長的生命故事裏:一件彈指即逝的事,而且是不情願地做的,不過倒幹得乾淨俐落,且能被迅速遺忘。


He imagined that he could go on afterwards looking at the sunshine, enjoying the shade, breathing in the perfume of flowers in the small garden before his house. 

他想像他之後便可繼續迎望日光,享受樹影,且深深呼吸在他屋前花園內的群花的香氣。


He fancied that nothing would be changed, that he would be able as heretofore to tyrannize good-humouredly over his half-caste wife, to notice with tender contempt his pale yellow child, to patronize loftily his dark-skinned brother-in-law, who loved pink neckties and wore patent-leather boots on his little feet, and was so humble before the white husband of the lucky sister. 

他幻想甚麼都不會改變。他將可像至今那樣繼續不失幽默地欺壓他那混血的妻子,繼續以溫和的輕蔑留意他那淡黃色的孩子,或繼續以高姿態訓示他那黑人內弟:內弟愛戴粉紅色領呔,小腳上老穿著漆皮靴子,而且總是在他姐姐(她夠運,嫁得白人)的丈夫面前顯得十分謙恭。


Those were the delights of his life, and he was unable to conceive that the moral significance of any act of his could interfere with the very nature of things, could dim the light of the sun, could destroy the perfume of the flowers, the submission of his wife, the smile of his child, the awe-struck respect of Leonard da Souza and of all the Da Souza family. 

那些都是他生活中的樂子。而他無法想像他任何舉動上的道德影響力竟可干預了事情的本質;可以使陽光黯淡,可以摧毀了花朵的香氣、妻子的馴服、孩子的笑容,和倫納德‧達‧蘇扎以致整個達‧蘇扎家族對他的敬畏。


That family’s admiration was the great luxury of his life. It rounded and completed his existence in a perpetual assurance of unquestionable superiority. 

事關家族的欽佩是他人生最大的財富。它圍繞並完整了他的存在,以一種永恆的保證:毫無疑問的優越性。


He loved to breathe the coarse incense they offered before the shrine of the successful white man; the man that had done them the honour to marry their daughter, sister, cousin; the rising man sure to climb very high; the confidential clerk of Hudig & Co. 

在成功白人廟堂前,他喜歡聞着那些他們供奉的粗香;這白人娶了他們的女兒,或是姐妹,或是堂表妹……使他們家族顯榮;而這矗立着的白種男人注定是要攀居高位的;這一胡迪公司的機要文員。


They were a numerous and an unclean crowd, living in ruined bamboo houses, surrounded by neglected compounds, on the outskirts of Macassar. He kept them at arm’s length and even further off, perhaps, having no illusions as to their worth. 

他們則是一大群不乾淨的人,住在孟加錫城郊的破敗竹屋裏,被久棄的院落圍繞。他與他們總維持著一臂之距,甚而更遠,或許,是對他們的價值也不作多餘的假想了。


They were a half-caste, lazy lot, and he saw them as they were—ragged, lean, unwashed, undersized men of various ages, shuffling about aimlessly in slippers; motionless old women who looked like monstrous bags of pink calico stuffed with shapeless lumps of fat, and deposited askew upon decaying rattan chairs in shady corners of dusty verandahs; young women, slim and yellow, big-eyed, long-haired, moving languidly amongst the dirt and rubbish of their dwellings as if every step they took was going to be their very last. 

他們是混血、慵懶的一群,而他看到的正是他們本來的樣子–襤褸、精瘦、未經清潔、身形矮小、且不同年紀的男人,漫無目的地拖曳着拖鞋。沒動靜的老女人,看上去像一袋袋恐怖的粉紅色棉布袋,裏面塞滿了不辨形狀的脂肪膏,斜放於露台暗角處的那多塵的爛藤椅上;苗條而黃種的年輕女性,大眼的,長髮的,在房屋的泥塵和垃圾中痠軟地走著,好像每步都將是他們此生邁出的最後一步一般。


He heard their shrill quarrellings, the squalling of their children, the grunting of their pigs; he smelt the odours of the heaps of garbage in their courtyards: and he was greatly disgusted. But he fed and clothed that shabby multitude; those degenerate descendants of Portuguese conquerors; he was their providence; he kept them singing his praises in the midst of their laziness, of their dirt, of their immense and hopeless squalor: and he was greatly delighted. 

他聽到他們尖銳的爭吵,他們孩子的哭鬧,還有那些飼豬的呼嚕聲。 他聞到了院子裡那堆垃圾的氣味:他覺得極度噁心。 但是他仍替那些破爛的群眾餵食和穿衣。 對於那些葡萄牙征服者的墮落的後代; 他就是他們的老天爺; 他使他們在自身的懶惰,污穢,和巨大的絕望的窮苦之中,唱着對他的頌歌:他為此感到非常高興。


They wanted much, but he could give them all they wanted without ruining himself. In exchange he had their silent fear, their loquacious love, their noisy veneration. It is a fine thing to be a providence, and to be told so on every day of one’s life. It gives one a feeling of enormously remote superiority, and Willems revelled in it. 

他們需索很多,但他能滿足他們一切需求而不致毀了自己。而作為交換,他獲得了他們不言的畏懼,口舌上的敬愛,和喧囂嚷雜的崇拜。做老天爺是美好的,而在人生中的每天也被人家提着這點也是美好的。 它能給人一種極之遙距的優越感,而威廉姆斯陶醉其中。


He did not analyze the state of his mind, but probably his greatest delight lay in the unexpressed but intimate conviction that, should he close his hand, all those admiring human beings would starve. His munificence had demoralized them. An easy task. 

他沒有分析自己心理。但他最大的樂趣,可能正是在於他那沒表露出但私下秉持的信念:即他若翹上手,所有那些欣賞他的人等都會被餓死。 他的慷慨使他們頹敗。一個很簡單的手段。


Since he descended amongst them and married Joanna they had lost the little aptitude and strength for work they might have had to put forth under the stress of extreme necessity. They lived now by the grace of his will. This was power. Willems loved it. 

自從他對他們紓尊降貴,並娶了喬安娜以來,他們便連一般因糊口而激發的對工作的微小本能和力量也喪失殆盡了。他們如今活在他意志的恩典中。 這就是權力。 而威廉姆斯太愛它了。

 

----


For the first time in many months the East Coast slept unseen by the stars under a veil of motionless cloud that, driven before the first breath of the rainy monsoon, had drifted slowly from the eastward all the afternoon; pursuing the declining sun with its masses of black and grey that seemed to chase the light with wicked intent, and with an ominous and gloomy steadiness, as though conscious of the message of violence and turmoil they carried.

 

是許多月來的第一次,東岸沒有星光的注視下入睡。一片如面紗般凝然靜止的雲層,受到本年雨季以來首次候風的驅動,已經緩慢地由東面漂來一整個下午了;它趨趕着衰敗的太陽(其附帶的灰黑質量也似是要以邪惡的意圖追逐着日光一般),而且有着一種不祥而陰鬱的穩定性,彷彿也是自覺於當中暴力的信息以致其將為地面帶來的動盪。 


At the sun’s disappearance below the western horizon, the immense cloud, in quickened motion, grappled with the glow of retreating light, and rolling down to the clear and jagged outline of the distant mountains, hung arrested above the steaming forests; hanging low, silent and menacing over the unstirring tree-tops; withholding the blessing of rain, nursing the wrath of its thunder; undecided—as if brooding over its own power for good or for evil.

在太陽消隱的西方水平線之下,廣大的雲霾與退縮的光線廝纏着,再滾落到遠處清晰和鋸齒狀輪廓的山脈,最後固定並虛懸在霧氣騰騰的森林上方。它低低地掛着,沉默而隱然威脅到不動的樹冠;剋扣着雨水的祝福,安撫着雷霆的暴怒,猶豫未決,彷彿是為了應以自己的力量行善還是為惡而苦悶。

試譯:〈關於讀書〉【Of Studies-Francis Bacon】  江離

試譯:〈關於讀書〉-法蘭西斯·培根  江離


關於讀書

 

讀書是為了愉悅、修飾和應用。愉悅,是指在私人自處之時;修飾,是指在言談論辯之上;而應用,是指在判事和處世之中。一些特定或煩瑣的項目,固能由專業的人士分門執掌或判斷;但統籌全局,策劃分派的擔子,則最好都是由讀過書的知識分子來承擔。讀書時間太長,是怠惰之徵;引用或裝點太過,是賣弄才具;而全憑書上的法則斷事,則是學究們的常態。讀書是對自然的完善,而它本身又為經驗所補足:正如天賦才能無異於自然花草,需要後天的修整,亦即讀書之用。而讀書本身,雖能予人大體上的方向或指引,只是這些仍必為自身的經驗所束約,並需以此為本。匠人對讀書多存鄙視,淳樸者則多尚讀書,但唯有聰明人會懂得應用讀書,因書不會教人如何應用自己,而真正應用的智慧亦不在書中,而是來自於觀察。閱讀不是用來辯難和反詰,不是意味可盡信書中所有為理所當然,也不是為了尋摘章句,而是應用來衡量和考慮。有些書只合淺嘗,有些是應該整本吞嚥的,而有些少數的則需要細細咀嚼和消化;換言之,有些書只需讀其部分;有些是要讀的,但讀時亦無需過份尋根究底;而有些少數的則需要用功凝神,讀至終卷。有些書亦可請人代讀或單取其摘要,但這只限於題材較次或價值不高者,不然書經摘要就如水經蒸餾,寡而無味。閱讀使人充實,討論使人有備,筆記使人準確。故不常作筆記者須記憶力特強,不常討論者須具現成的機敏,而不常讀書者須欺世有術,始能無知而顯有知。讀史使人明智,讀詩使人聰慧,數學使人奧妙,自然哲學使人深刻,倫理學使人莊重,邏輯修辭之學使人善辯;凡有所學,皆成性格。人之才智但有滯礙,無不可讀適當之書使之舒暢,一如身體百病,皆有相宜之運動除之。打保齡球有利睾腎,射箭有利胸肺,慢步有利腸胃,騎術利頭腦,諸如此類。故若有人精神不集中,可令讀數學,蓋演題需全神貫注,稍有分散即須重演;又若不能辨異,可令讀經院哲學,蓋是輩皆吹毛求疵之人;又若不善剖陳利弊,不善以一物闡證另一物,可令讀律師之案卷。故每一性情之短處,皆有閱讀上之處方可補。


6/2/2020


原文:

Of Studies-Francis Bacon


STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.

試譯:〈夜校〉(部分)【Night School-Raymond Carver】  江離

試譯:〈夜校〉(部分)瑞蒙·卡佛   江離 
 
我的婚姻剛剛破裂。我一份工作也找不到。我有了另一個女友,但她眼下不在城裏。故此我去了一間酒吧,點了杯啤酒。兩個女人坐在數張凳子開外,而其中一個開始跟我搭話。

「你有車嗎?」
 
「有,但不在這兒。」我說。
 
車在妻子那裏。我住在父母家,有時也會用他們的車。但今晚我是走路過來的。
 
另一個女人看着我。她倆約略四十歲左右吧,也許實際上還老一點。
 
「你問了他甚麼?」那女人對第一個女人說。
 
「我問他有沒有車子。」
 
「那你有車子嗎?」那女人問我。
 
「我說過了。有,但不在身邊。」我說。
 
「那可不是無濟於事嗎?」她說。
 
一個女人笑了起來。「我們剛有了個想法,但需要輛車子才能成事。也太不巧了。」她轉過頭,向酒保要多了兩杯啤酒。
 
我本是一直在小口啜着啤酒的,這時將它一口掉,著她倆會請我一輪。但她們沒有。
 
「你是幹啥的?」第一個女人問我。
 
「目前嘛,啥都沒在幹,」我說。「有時候,當我能夠時,我會上學。」
 
上學,她對另一個女人說,他是個學生。你在哪上學?
 
附近,」我說。
 
「早吧,那女人說,他不就像個學生嗎?
 
教你什麼?」第二個女人說。
 
「什麼也教。」我說。
 
「我意思是,」她說,「你是打算做甚麼的?你的人生目標是什麼?人人都有那麼一兩個人生目標。」
 
我向酒保舉了舉空杯子。他了過去又給我斟了一杯。我數出一些零錢——若干小時前我還有兩塊,現在只剩三毛。她還在等著答案
 
「教書。到學校教書,」我說。
 
「他想當一個老師,」她說。
 
我呷着我的啤酒。有人給點唱機投了幣,一首我妻子以前喜歡的歌開始播放。我環視四周店門旁有兩個男人在沙狐球。門是敞而外面經天

7/4/2020

原文:

Night School by Raymond Carver
 
My marriage had just fallen apart. I couldn't find a job. I had another girl. But she wasn't in town. So I was at a bar having a glass of beer, and two women were sitting a few stools down, and one of them began to talk to me.
 
You have a car?"
 
I do, but it's not here," I said.
 
My wife had the car. I was staying at my parent’s place. I used their car sometimes. But tonight I was walking.
 
The other woman looked at me. They were both about forty, maybe older.
 
"What’d you ask him?" the other woman said to the first woman.
 
I said did he have a car."
 
So do you have a car?" the second woman said to me.
 
“I was telling her. I have a car. But I don’t have it with me," I said.
 
“That doesn't do us much good, does it?" she said.
 
The first woman laughed. "We had a brainstorm and we need a car to go through with it. Too bad." She turned to the bartender and asked for two more beers.
 
I'd been nursing my beer along, and now I drank it off and thought they might buy me a round. They didn't.
 
"What do you do?" the first woman asked me.
 
"Right now, nothing," I said. "Sometimes, when I can, I go to school."
 
He goes to school," she said to the other woman. "He's a student. Where do you go to school?"
 
"Around," I said.
 
"I told you," the woman said. "Doesn't he look like a student?”
 
"What are they teaching you?" the second woman said.
 
"Everything,” I said.
 
"I mean," she said, "what do you plan to do? What’s your big goal in life? Everybody has a big goal in life."
 
I raised my empty glass to the bartender. He took it and drew me another beer. I counted out some change, which left me with thirty cents from the two dollars I'd started out with a couple of hours ago. She was waiting.
 
"Teach. Teach school," I said.
 
"He wants to be a teacher," she said.
 
I sipped my beer. Someone put a coin in the jukebox and a song that my wife liked began to play. I looked around. Two men near the front were at the shuffleboard. The door was open and it was dark outside.

試譯:〈原子時代的生活〉【On Living in an Atomic Age-C.S. Lewis】  淺白

〈原子時代的生活〉C‧S路易斯  (中文節譯:淺白)

在某程度上,我們對原子彈這回事總是思慮太過。「要如何活在一個原子彈的時代?」我很想回答說:「為甚麼要這樣問?就像你若是生在十六世紀時代,不是也得活過那年年肆虐倫敦的瘟疫嗎?又或是生在維京時代,不是也得面對那些來自斯堪地那維亞半島的海盜的搶掠,以及在夜裏隨時被人割喉的危險嗎?而事實上,你如今早已是生活在癌症的時代、梅毒的時代、癱瘓的時代、空襲的時代、鐵路意外的時代,和車禍的時代了。」
 
換句話說,不要從一開始就將情況誇大成史無前例似的樣子。親愛的先生或女士,相信我:我們,和所有我們愛的人,也早在原子彈發明之前就被宣判死刑——而且有相當大部分的我們將會以太愉快的方式死去。
 
這是要說第一點。而我們目前首先要做,是先冷靜下來假若我們都注定是要被原子彈毀滅的,那當它來臨時,請讓它發現我們都在做着理性的和合乎人性的事:祈禱、工作、教書、閱讀、聽音樂、孩子洗澡球、又或是邊和朋友聊天邊玩著啤酒飛鏢——而不是像一群被嚇破膽的綿羊縮在一起,腦裏除了原子彈外就甚麼也想不到它或者可以毀我們的身軀(事實上一丁點兒就夠了),但是沒必要也讓它主宰我們的心靈。

8/4/2020

原文:
On Living in an Atomic Age by C.S. Lewis
 
In one way we think a great deal too much of the atomic bomb. "How are we to live in an atomic age?" I am tempted to reply: "Why, as you would have lived in the sixteenth century when the plague visited London almost every year, or as you would have lived in a Viking age when raiders from Scandinavia might land and cut your throat any night; or indeed, as you are already living in an age of cancer, an age of syphilis, an age of paralysis, an age of air raids, an age of railway accidents, an age of motor accidents."
 
In other words, do not let us begin by exaggerating the novelty of our situation. Believe me, dear sir or madam, you and all whom you love were already sentenced to death before the atomic bomb was invented: and quite a high percentage of us were going to die in unpleasant ways.
 
This is the first point to be made: and the first action to be taken is to pull ourselves together. If we are all going to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, let that bomb when it comes find us doing sensible and human things – praying, working, teaching, reading, listening to music, bathing the children, playing tennis, chatting to our friends over a pint and a game of darts – not huddled together like frightened sheep and thinking about bombs. They may break our bodies (a microbe can do that) but they need not dominate our mind.

1948

Full article: (http://www.andybannister.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/cslewis-living-in-an-atomic-age.pdf)

散文:〈嶺南後山遊〉

嶺南後山遊
 
在嶺南讀書兩年,對於校園旁鄰的富泰商場和巴士站自然不會陌生。巴士站後頭的停車場,更是深夜小販恆常的擺賣之地,一般晚上總是吸引不少學生『客仔』聚集。然而,同學們多是忙於擇食(或單純佇望),停車場欄杆後的一帶地方,一直也似乎鮮有人會着意問津或涉足。
 
這天,藉着後山遊之名,我們這群素來被動的學生也總算是「迫於師命」,得以集體越過欄杆,一探這停車場後的「究竟」了。我們約於早上十時出發,在陳教授和葉曉文小姐的帶領下,穿過巴士站(行經伍絜宜堂旁的過道時,葉小姐還教我們可從樹幹上粗大的榴刺來辨認木棉),來到了停車場後方的一條小橋旁。我和同組的其峰同學殿後,回頭看着在白晝時「水靜鵝飛」的停車場,心裏也不期然泛起一點蕭瑟之感。停車場的外緣靠着一條小渠,自東向西,前進中的人行忽然停下,原來是葉小姐又在向我們介紹橋頭的樹木了。眼前一株樹不過三四來米高,其葉互生而碩長,有些如槳狀,有些更彎如鎌刀,近看下葉質也似甚為堅韌。葉小姐告訴我們,這樹名叫大葉相思,是香港常見喬木,而我們剛巧在這天碰上它開花了。我不識花,也不知這算不算是難得的事,但看着葉小姐細意捻弄花穗(花色呈青白,其實也無甚奇處)的模樣,心也彷彿受了點感動,可能是有感於她確實是位愛花人,而其所專注的,顯然也不在花的顏色明艷與否,而是它們本身自然生長的姿態,正如從事自然書寫的作者當不同我等閒人,其所留心的應先不是「風景」,而是當下周遭萬物是否正能夠各循其理,盡其物性是也。當然,這裏明顯是扯遠了,在最近這段「能見度甚低」的日子,縱目濛濛山影與高壓電纜之間,行山雖或未至於必備口罩,但人和草木能各安其份便已很好了。
 
我對植物的認識甚少,故在接下來的旅途也想不到有甚麼好寫。不過一路上有其峰同學作伴,二人有一搭沒一搭地聊着(雖說不外是互相挖苦),倒也不愁寂寞。很快我們一行人便過了橋,沿小渠一直往東走,經過幾間村屋,正感頭頂的太陽漸趨猛烈,人也被曬得有點渾噩之際,不覺來到一處高架公路的橋墩下。蔭涼的隧道側,是一道佈滿坑洞的石屎牆,旁有兩隻黑狗趴伏在地。我之所以對這道牆留有印象,大抵又是多承葉小姐的解說了,因記得她曾特意向我們指出牆上那些坑洞有時會是雀鳥的巢穴,而夠湊巧的話,我們甚至可看到一群鳥兒從內飛出的「奇景」。就此,我半信半疑,事關我小時候也曾好奇於這類護土牆上的坑洞(不外是用作排水吧?),而得着的教誨,卻是「當心內裏有蛇」,尤其是毒性猛烈的青竹絲。不管如何,葉小姐的新解說確是比我童年時的想像要美好多了,這也或可算是本次旅程的一點意外收獲吧。
 
離開石屎牆後,說實在,我也不大記得路是怎麼走的了,大概是兜兜轉轉,順着「老虎坑」而上(途遇葛量洪爵士五七年所立的石碑,數畝菜田以及三兩稻草人),最終抵達了旅程的目的地:藍地水塘。在修長的堤壩上,我們一行人徐徐踱步而過,望向左邊欄杆後水塘淡靜的水波,其末端水氣氤氳,隱隱與後方的山嵐融為一景。有些同學選擇打卡留念,有些則留意塘面紋絡怎樣隨風變異,而我關注的,反是同行的其峰同學如何將教授托他分派的橡皮糖全數「散貨」(也煞是好笑的)。一陣秋風吹來帶點乾澀,也彷是提醒我們,本學期的後山遊經已完結,也該是下山的時候了!
 
7/12/2019





攝於9/11/2019